Freedom of Information Act
What Is the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)?
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) is a U.S. federal law that allows the public to request access to records from federal government agencies.
The law was enacted in 1966 to promote transparency and accountability within the federal government.
FOIA gives individuals, journalists, and organizations the legal right to request government records and information, with certain limited exemptions.
Federal agencies subject to FOIA include departments and regulatory agencies such as:
- Department of the Treasury
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Federal Reserve
- Department of Justice
These agencies must respond to public information requests in accordance with FOIA guidelines.
Why It Matters
Freedom of Information Act promotes transparency in government decision-making.
The law allows the public to:
- Access government records
- Understand how policies are developed
- Hold government agencies accountable
FOIA is widely used by journalists, researchers, and advocacy organizations seeking government information.
How Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Works
Freedom of Information Act allows individuals to submit formal requests for government records.
Example: A journalist researching financial regulatory policies may submit a FOIA request to obtain documents from a federal agency.
The agency must review the request and determine whether the records can be released.
Some information may be withheld under specific exemptions, such as national security, law enforcement investigations, or personal privacy protections.
Most federal agencies maintain FOIA request systems to process public inquiries.
FOIA vs Public Records Requests
FOIA → Applies to federal government agencies
Public Records Laws → Apply to state and local governments
Both systems provide access to government information.
Related Terms
